Memory monitor windows 76/26/2023 ![]() Physical Address Extension (PAE) is the feature of the Intel 32-bit architecture that expands the physical memory (RAM) address to 36 bits. The operating system assigns RAM page frames only to those virtual memory pages that are being used. Typically, applications (for example, Notepad, Word, Excel, and Acrobat Reader) use only a fraction of the 2 GB of private address space. In the default Windows configuration, 2 gigabytes (GB) of this virtual address space are designated for the private use of each process, and the other 2 GB is shared between all processes and the operating system. Processes and address spacesĪll processes (for example, application executables) that are running under 32-bit versions of Windows are assigned virtual memory addresses (a virtual address space), ranging from 0 to 4,294,967,295 (2*32-1 = 4 GB), regardless of how much RAM is installed on the computer. Virtual memory is always being used, even when the memory that is required by all running processes does not exceed the volume of RAM that is installed on the system. Only core parts of the operating system kernel bypass this address translation and use real memory addresses directly. Virtual memory addresses are automatically translated to real (RAM) addresses by the hardware. In modern operating systems such as Windows, applications and many system processes always reference memory by using virtual memory addresses. ![]() This article contains basic information about the virtual memory implementation in 32-bit versions of Windows. Applies to: Windows 7 Service Pack 1, Windows Server 2012 R2 Original KB number: 2160852 Summary
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